基于VHDL语言的FPGA简易数字钟设计
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作为一个菜鸟我很愿意分享下我做的一些小东西，记得一年前好像少几天吧，看记录是2009年5月19日
我用51单片机做数字钟的情景，那个时候用汇编，焦头烂额，做了三天，还请教了老师。
哎，现在都已经用C了，而且重心已经放在了AVR上，
不过想想，这一年我还是学了很多东西，至少不是虚度了这一年。
FPGA是挺好玩的，不过没有时间搞，忙着比赛。
不过凭借着学期前两个礼拜实习天天晚上去图书馆自学VHDL的基础，加上单片机的基础，一直活到现在。呵呵呵
臭屁一下，今天老师说我可以做他的助教，确实把我兴奋了一把，
其实我一直很心虚，因为都没有时间搞，哪天出个难题答不上来就糗了。
今天中午和下午花了6个小时左右的时间做了一个数字钟，
VHDL语言(Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language)即超高速集成电路硬件描述语言。
顾名思义既然是硬件描述，当然是描述硬件，这个语言相当于在FPGA或CPLD芯片里熔出一个数字电路。
硬件FPGA 芯片是ALTERA公司Cyclone II 系列的EP2C35F672C6
使用的是ALTERA公司的开发板，型号DE2来张全图，软件为Quartus II 8.0,、ALTERA公司为自己产品打造的开发软件。
<center>据说是5000块钱，因为是学校教学用，批量买，2500块钱(不过我看下，就芯片贵，我看这个板子人家至少赚了1000多)，我原来以为老师不会借，不过他似乎不介意，倒是他主动借给我的，额。。。
不费话了，贴程序吧
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;
entity fpq is
port(clk : in std_logic;
k : in std_logic;
k1 : in std_logic;
k2 : in std_logic;
ge : out std_logic_vector(0 to 6);
shi : out std_logic_vector(0 to 6);
feng : out std_logic_vector(0 to 6);
fens : out std_logic_vector(0 to 6);
shig : out std_logic_vector(0 to 6);
shis : out std_logic_vector(0 to 6));
end fpq;
architecture first of fpq is
signal clock : integer range 0 to 24999999;
signal ge_t : integer range 0 to 9;
signal shi_t : integer range 0 to 5;
signal feng_t : integer range 0 to 9;
signal fens_t : integer range 0 to 5;
signal shig_t : integer range 0 to 9;
signal shis_t : integer range 0 to 2;
signal temp : integer range 0 to 9;
begin
t0: process(clk)
begin
if (clk'event and clk='1') then
clock <= clock + 1;
if clock = 24999999 then
---------------------------------------------
if k='0' then
---------------------------------------------
if ge_t = 9 then
ge_t <= 0;
if shi_t = 5 and ge_t = 9 then
shi_t <= 0;
if feng_t = 9 and shi_t = 5 then
feng_t <= 0;
if fens_t = 5 and feng_t = 9 then
fens_t <= 0;
if shis_t = 2 and shig_t = 3 and fens_t = 5 then
shig_t <= 0;
if shis_t = 2 and shig_t = 3 then
shis_t <= 0;
else
shis_t <= shis_t + 1;
end if;
else
if shig_t = 9 and fens_t = 5 then
shig_t <= 0;
else
shig_t <= shig_t +1;
end if;
end if;
else
fens_t <= fens_t + 1;
end if;
else
feng_t <= feng_t + 1;
end if;
else
shi_t <= shi_t + 1;
end if;
else
ge_t <= ge_t + 1;
end if;
else
if k1='0' then
if feng_t = 9 then
feng_t <= 0;
if fens_t = 5 then
fens_t <= 0;
else
fens_t <= fens_t + 1;
end if;
else
feng_t <= feng_t + 1;
end if;
end if;
if k2='0' then
if shig_t = 3 and shis_t = 2 then
shig_t <= 0;
shis_t <= 0;
else
if shig_t = 9 then
shig_t <= 0;
if shis_t = 2 then
shis_t <= 0;
else
shis_t <= shis_t + 1;
end if;
else
shig_t <= shig_t + 1;
end if;
end if;
end if;
end if;
------------------------------------------------
end if;
end if;
------------------------------------------------
end process t0;
c: process(clk,ge_t,shi_t,feng_t,fens_t,shig_t,shis_t)
begin
case ge_t is
when 9 => ge <= "0000100";
when 8 => ge <= "0000000";
when 7 => ge <= "0001111";
when 6 => ge <= "0100000";
when 5 => ge <= "0100100";
when 4 => ge <= "1001100";
when 3 => ge <= "0000110";
when 2 => ge <= "0010010";
when 1 => ge <= "1001111";
when 0 => ge <= "0000001";
end case;
case shi_t is
when 5 => shi <= "0100100";
when 4 => shi <= "1001100";
when 3 => shi <= "0000110";
when 2 => shi <= "0010010";
when 1 => shi <= "1001111";
when 0 => shi <= "0000001";
end case;
case feng_t is
when 9 => feng <= "0000100";
when 8 => feng <= "0000000";
when 7 => feng <= "0001111";
when 6 => feng <= "0100000";
when 5 => feng <= "0100100";
when 4 => feng <= "1001100";
when 3 => feng <= "0000110";
when 2 => feng <= "0010010";
when 1 => feng <= "1001111";
when 0 => feng <= "0000001";
end case;
case fens_t is
when 5 => fens <= "0100100";
when 4 => fens <= "1001100";
when 3 => fens <= "0000110";
when 2 => fens <= "0010010";
when 1 => fens <= "1001111";
when 0 => fens <= "0000001";
end case;
case shig_t is
when 9 => shig <= "0000100";
when 8 => shig <= "0000000";
when 7 => shig <= "0001111";
when 6 => shig <= "0100000";
when 5 => shig <= "0100100";
when 4 => shig <= "1001100";
when 3 => shig <= "0000110";
when 2 => shig <= "0010010";
when 1 => shig <= "1001111";
when 0 => shig <= "0000001";
end case;
case shis_t is
when 2 => shis <= "0010010";
when 1 => shis <= "1001111";
when 0 => shis <= "0000001";
end case;
end process c;
end first;
和汇编有的一拼啊，呵呵，由于是新手，所以很多程序都带有单片机的想法，其实VHDL和C、FPGA和单片机是两种不同的语言、芯片，主要是要有并行思想和状态机的概念，很遗憾我现在好像都没有。
设置模式开关是sw01.、分钟设置按钮key01、key02 。
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