STM32启动过程解析-2.02固件库启动文件分析

相对于ARM上一代的主流ARM7/ARM9内核架构，新一代Cortex内核架构的启动方式有了比较大的变化。ARM7/ARM9内核的控制器在复位后，CPU会从存储空间的绝对地址0x000000取出第一条指令执行复位中断服务程序的方式启动，即固定了复位后的起始地址为0x000000（PC = 0x000000）同时中断向量表的位置并不是固定的。而Cortex-M3内核则正好相反，有3种情况:
1、 通过boot引脚设置可以将中断向量表定位于SRAM区，即起始地址为0x2000000，同时复位后PC指针位于0x2000000处；
2、 通过boot引脚设置可以将中断向量表定位于FLASH区，即起始地址为0x8000000，同时复位后PC指针位于0x8000000处；
3、 通过boot引脚设置可以将中断向量表定位于内置Bootloader区，本文不对这种情况做论述；
而Cortex-M3内核规定，起始地址必须存放堆顶指针，而第二个地址则必须存放复位中断入口向量地址，这样在Cortex-M3内核复位后，会自动从起始地址的下一个32位空间取出复位中断入口向量，跳转执行复位中断服务程序。对比ARM7/ARM9内核，Cortex-M3内核则是固定了中断向量表的位置而起始地址是可变化的。
有了上述准备只是后，下面以STM32的2.02固件库提供的启动文件“stm32f10x_vector.s”为模板，对STM32的启动过程做一个简要而全面的解析。

程序清单一：
文件“stm32f10x_vector.s”，其中注释为行号

DATA_IN_ExtSRAMEQU0；1Stack_SizeEQU0x00000400；2AREASTACK,NOINIT,READWRITE,ALIGN=3；3Stack_MemSPACEStack_Size；4__initial_sp；5Heap_SizeEQU0x00000400；6AREAHEAP,NOINIT,READWRITE,ALIGN=3；7__heap_base；8Heap_MemSPACEHeap_Size；9__heap_limit；10THUMB；11PRESERVE8；12IMPORTNMIException；13IMPORTHardFaultException；14IMPORTMemManageException；15IMPORTBusFaultException；16IMPORTUsageFaultException；17IMPORTSVCHandler；18IMPORTDebugMonitor；19IMPORTPendSVC；20IMPORTSysTickHandler；21IMPORTWWDG_IRQHandler；22IMPORTPVD_IRQHandler；23IMPORTTAMPER_IRQHandler；24IMPORTRTC_IRQHandler；25IMPORTFLASH_IRQHandler；26IMPORTRCC_IRQHandler；27IMPORTEXTI0_IRQHandler；28IMPORTEXTI1_IRQHandler；29IMPORTEXTI2_IRQHandler；30IMPORTEXTI3_IRQHandler；31IMPORTEXTI4_IRQHandler；32IMPORTDMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler；33IMPORTDMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler；34IMPORTDMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler；35IMPORTDMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler；36IMPORTDMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler；37IMPORTDMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler；38IMPORTDMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler；39IMPORTADC1_2_IRQHandler；40IMPORTUSB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler；41IMPORTUSB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler；42IMPORTCAN_RX1_IRQHandler；43IMPORTCAN_SCE_IRQHandler；44IMPORTEXTI9_5_IRQHandler；45IMPORTTIM1_BRK_IRQHandler；46IMPORTTIM1_UP_IRQHandler；47IMPORTTIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler；48IMPORTTIM1_CC_IRQHandler；49IMPORTTIM2_IRQHandler；50IMPORTTIM3_IRQHandler；51IMPORTTIM4_IRQHandler；52IMPORTI2C1_EV_IRQHandler；53IMPORTI2C1_ER_IRQHandler；54IMPORTI2C2_EV_IRQHandler；55IMPORTI2C2_ER_IRQHandler；56IMPORTSPI1_IRQHandler；57IMPORTSPI2_IRQHandler；58IMPORTUSART1_IRQHandler；59IMPORTUSART2_IRQHandler；60IMPORTUSART3_IRQHandler；61IMPORTEXTI15_10_IRQHandler；62IMPORTRTCAlarm_IRQHandler；63IMPORTUSBWakeUp_IRQHandler；64IMPORTTIM8_BRK_IRQHandler；65IMPORTTIM8_UP_IRQHandler；66IMPORTTIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler；67IMPORTTIM8_CC_IRQHandler；68IMPORTADC3_IRQHandler；69IMPORTFSMC_IRQHandler；70IMPORTSDIO_IRQHandler；71IMPORTTIM5_IRQHandler；72IMPORTSPI3_IRQHandler；73IMPORTUART4_IRQHandler；74IMPORTUART5_IRQHandler；75IMPORTTIM6_IRQHandler；76IMPORTTIM7_IRQHandler；77IMPORTDMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler；78IMPORTDMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler；79IMPORTDMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler；80IMPORTDMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler；81AREARESET,DATA,READONLY；82EXPORT__Vectors；83__Vectors；84DCD__initial_sp；85DCDReset_Handler；86DCDNMIException；87DCDHardFaultException；88DCDMemManageException；89DCDBusFaultException；90DCDUsageFaultException；91DCD0；92DCD0；93DCD0；94DCD0；95DCDSVCHandler；96DCDDebugMonitor；97DCD0；98DCDPendSVC；99DCDSysTickHandler；100DCDWWDG_IRQHandler；101DCDPVD_IRQHandler；102DCDTAMPER_IRQHandler；103DCDRTC_IRQHandler；104DCDFLASH_IRQHandler；105DCDRCC_IRQHandler；106DCDEXTI0_IRQHandler；107DCDEXTI1_IRQHandler；108DCDEXTI2_IRQHandler；109DCDEXTI3_IRQHandler；110DCDEXTI4_IRQHandler；111DCDDMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler；112DCDDMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler；113DCDDMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler；114DCDDMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler；115DCDDMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler；116DCDDMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler；117DCDDMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler；118DCDADC1_2_IRQHandler；119DCDUSB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler；120DCDUSB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler；121DCDCAN_RX1_IRQHandler；122DCDCAN_SCE_IRQHandler；123DCDEXTI9_5_IRQHandler；124DCDTIM1_BRK_IRQHandler；125DCDTIM1_UP_IRQHandler；126DCDTIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler；127DCDTIM1_CC_IRQHandler；128DCDTIM2_IRQHandler；129DCDTIM3_IRQHandler；130DCDTIM4_IRQHandler；131DCDI2C1_EV_IRQHandler；132DCDI2C1_ER_IRQHandler；133DCDI2C2_EV_IRQHandler；134DCDI2C2_ER_IRQHandler；135DCDSPI1_IRQHandler；136DCDSPI2_IRQHandler；137DCDUSART1_IRQHandler；138DCDUSART2_IRQHandler；139DCDUSART3_IRQHandler；140DCDEXTI15_10_IRQHandler；141DCDRTCAlarm_IRQHandler；142DCDUSBWakeUp_IRQHandler；143DCDTIM8_BRK_IRQHandler；144DCDTIM8_UP_IRQHandler；145DCDTIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler；146DCDTIM8_CC_IRQHandler；147DCDADC3_IRQHandler；148DCDFSMC_IRQHandler；149DCDSDIO_IRQHandler；150DCDTIM5_IRQHandler；151DCDSPI3_IRQHandler；152DCDUART4_IRQHandler；153DCDUART5_IRQHandler；154DCDTIM6_IRQHandler；155DCDTIM7_IRQHandler；156DCDDMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler；157DCDDMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler；158DCDDMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler；159DCDDMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler；160AREA|.text|,CODE,READONLY；161Reset_HandlerPROC；162EXPORTReset_Handler；163IFDATA_IN_ExtSRAM==1；164LDRR0,=0x00000114；165LDRR1,=0x40021014；166STRR0,[R1]；167LDRR0,=0x000001E0；168LDRR1,=0x40021018；169STRR0,[R1]；170LDRR0,=0x44BB44BB；171LDRR1,=0x40011400；172STRR0,[R1]；173LDRR0,=0xBBBBBBBB；174LDRR1,=0x40011404；175STRR0,[R1]；176LDRR0,=0xB44444BB；177LDRR1,=0x40011800；178STRR0,[R1]；179LDRR0,=0xBBBBBBBB；180LDRR1,=0x40011804；181STRR0,[R1]；182LDRR0,=0x44BBBBBB；183LDRR1,=0x40011C00；184STRR0,[R1]；185LDRR0,=0xBBBB4444；186LDRR1,=0x40011C04；187STRR0,[R1]；188LDRR0,=0x44BBBBBB；189LDRR1,=0x40012000；190STRR0,[R1]；191LDRR0,=0x44444B44；192LDRR1,=0x40012004；193STRR0,[R1]；194LDRR0,=0x00001011；195LDRR1,=0xA0000010；196STRR0,[R1]；197LDRR0,=0x00000200；198LDRR1,=0xA0000014；199STRR0,[R1]；200ENDIF；201IMPORT__main；202LDRR0,=__main；203BXR0；204ENDP；205ALIGN；206IF:DEF:__MICROLIB；207EXPORT__initial_sp；208EXPORT__heap_base；209EXPORT__heap_limit；210ELSE；211IMPORT__use_two_region_memory；212EXPORT__user_initial_stackheap；213__user_initial_stackheap；214LDRR0,=Heap_Mem；215LDRR1,=(Stack_Mem+Stack_Size)；216LDRR2,=(Heap_Mem+Heap_Size)；217LDRR3,=Stack_Mem；218BXLR；219ALIGN；220ENDIF；221END；222ENDIF；223END；224